Primary tumor size, lymph node involvement, estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors are prognostic markers that play roles in recurrence and metastasis. Thanks to advancements in early detection and breast cancer treatments, long time survival is expected and in turn it will be of great interest for researchers ( 10).īreast cancer is clinically a heterogeneous disease and is affected by a variety of factors ( 11). Also, 50% of patients suffer from late recurrence after 5 years ( 9). The average rate of survival in patients with breast cancer metastasis is 18 - 24 months and 10% - 15% of patients experience early recurrence which is recurrence within two primary years after the treatment. Generally, a-third of recurrence cases are loco regional and the rest are distant metastasis ( 8). According to the results, the maximum risk is in the first two years with a steep reduction to 5 years and then it gradually moves on to 12 years ( 7). Seven retrospective studies were conducted on 3585 breast cancer patients to investigate recurrence risk. Recurrence risk is measured by a collection of breast cancer natural history, prognostic, anatomic, biological factors, and the type of treatment ( 6). As reported by Globocan 2012, there are 9,795 new cases annually ( 1).Ī chief factor in decreasing survival rate in breast cancer patients is recurrence ( 5). The maximum distribution in Iran is in 4 and 5th life decades, which is at least a decade lower than the global rate ( 4). In Iran, according to the cancer registry system, breast cancer with 24.8% distribution is among the most prevalent cancer types in women. When it comes to incidence, and death rate, populations around the globe vary widely based on age, sex, race, ethnicity, economic-social status, geographic location, and marital status ( 2, 3). It comprises 25% of all cancer cases and is the most prevalent among Iranian women ( 1). Backgroundīreast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer across the globe with 1.67 million newly diagnosed cases. Knowing more about affecting factors on recurrence and the death of patients with recurrence, one can try to enhance survival and quality of life in patients by adopting more effective treatments.īreast Cancer Recurrence Metastasis Risk Factor Prognosis 1. As a result of studying effective factors in death of these patients, recurrence site, DFS, pathologic grade and patients’ age at the time of recurrence came to be effective. However, lymph vascular invasion has been an effective factor either in early or late recurrence. Biologic marker, estrogen and progesterone receptors status, had most influence in early recurrence, unlike late recurrence, stage of disease had a more important role.
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